نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
گروه آموزش زبان و ادبیات فارسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
In Persian language, “būdan” and “hastīdan” are two of the most applied infinitives. Their conjugation is in the present and past systems, in different tenses, moods and aspects. The purpose of this descriptive-qualitative article is to study the morphological evolutions of the mentioned verbs with a diachronic approach from Ancient to Middle and New eras of the Persian language. This study indicated that: 1- According to the pattern [present stem + past stem suffix + infinitive suffix], the infinitive “hastīdan” is more correct than “hastan”. 2- In Middle Persian, the suppletive stems were derived from two different roots; accordingly, the present and past stems had been from two different roots. This characteristic was observed in some Pahlavi verbs including “hastīdan” and “būdan”. 3- According to the Pahlavi texts, the conjugation of the verb “būdan” was observed in the present system, with the stem ‘bav-’. Gradually, the future stem ‘bāš-’ had been replaced with it. As the future system is vanished in the New Persian, using “ʼast” or “hast” is preferred to “mi-bāšad” in the speech and the writing.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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